Since this thread is now among the top search results for bluetooth related issues I figured I would update it with the solution that worked for me (and avoid turning this into a Stack Overflow situation 
).
So to answer what was initially asked in this thread:
- Adding the capacitor between the pads on top of the Proffieboard (as seen in Sabersense’s screenshot) allowed it to power on properly with the BT-909 attached.
- I followed profezzorn’s advice and opted to connect the BT-909 between the 3.3v and a free LED* pad (LED2 in my case). Note that the BT-909 will NOT power up until you update your Proffie config to include a blade style that points to the proper LED* pad, as seen here.
A later issue I ran in was bluetooth pairing. The default password for the BT-909 was 000000 rather than the common 0000.