Arduino "Cannot open DFU Error"

Well then that’s why you’re not seeing the edits you made. That define is to make the board use the presets.ini file info and ignore the uploaded config presets. see this:

Understanding how the board dual boots should clarify the mode you’re in vs what you’re seeing.
The board normally boots into ProffieOS and is seen in Arduino on a COM port as “Proffieboard”. This device is a multi serial device and CDC Data is a typical way the PC sees it.
When you upload, Arduino puts the board into bootloader to send programming, then when finished, the board reboots back to ProffieOS.
If you manually force bootloader mode, then it’s already primed for programming, hence why hitting upload regardless of the board not showing on a COM port works as it does.